ROUND
ROUND

Rounding float_col to 1 decimal places
LEFT
LEFT

Getting the leftmost 4 characters of date_string - i.e. the year
RIGHT
RIGHT

Getting the rightmost 8 characters of date_string - i.e. the timestamp
SUBSTRING
SUBSTRING

Getting the substring of date_string from index 6 with a length of 2 - i.e. the month
LENGTH
LENGTH

Getting the length of string_col
DATEMATH
DATEMATH
- ‘seconds’
- ‘minutes’
- ‘hours’
- ‘days’
- ‘weeks’
- ‘months’
- ‘years’

Adding the integer value of _simple_int column as days to date_string column after turning it into a datetime. You could also have added a static number (e.g. 10) of days instead of using the _simple_int column.
DATEDIFF
DATEDIFF
- ‘seconds’
- ‘minutes’
- ‘hours’
- ‘days’
- ‘weeks’

Getting the difference in days between a dynamic TODAY constant and the date_string after turning it into a datetime
DATETRUNC
DATETRUNC

Truncating date_string to years after turning it into a datetime
UPPER
UPPER

Getting the UPPERCASE of text_col
LOWER
LOWER

Getting the LOWERCASE of text_col
TITLE
TITLE

Getting the Titlecase of text_col
CONTAINS
CONTAINS

Checking if the string literal 'google' exists in the regex_col column
DOESNOTCONTAIN
DOESNOTCONTAIN

Checking if the string literal 'google' does not exist in the regex_col column